DRRR Part 11

Activity: Types of Earthquake Hazards

GROUND RAPTURE

1. When does ground rapture occur?

     Ans: when movement on a fault breaks through the surface, occurs suddenly during as earthquake, slowly in the form of fault creep

2. Where does rapture follow? Why?

     Ans: in preexisting faults due to weakness of that zone

GROUND SUBSIDENCE

1. Define ground subsidence.

    Ans: ground subsidence is the lowering of the land surface

2. What are the factors that causes ground subsidence?

     Ans: sinkhole, underground mine collapse, major earthquake

LIQUEFACTION

1. Describe liquefaction.

     Ans: liquefaction is a phenomenon whereby a saturated or partially saturated soil substantially loses strength and stiffness in response to an applied stress

2. What causes soil liquefaction?

     Ans: earthquake or other sudden changes in stress condition, causing it to behave like a liquid

LANDSLIDE

1. Define the following:

          Earthquake - the sudden, rapid shaking of the earth caused by the breaking and shifting of rock deep underground

          Landslide - masses of rock, earth or debris  move down slope

2. What are the common effects of earthquake and landslide?

     Ans: both are frightening and destructive natural disasters

TSUNAMI EARTHQUAKE

1. Define tsunami earthquake.

    Ans: An undersea earthquake for which the surface magnitude (Ms) differs markedly from the moment magnitude (Mw)

2. Differentiate surface wave magnitude from moment magnitude.

     Ans: Surface wave magnitude can be calculated from surface waves with a period of 20 seconds, while moment magnitude is a measure of the total energy release at all frequencies

TSUNAMI

         - comes from the Japanese word 'tsu' which means harbor and 'nam' which means waves.

         - reach a height as far as 30 m or 98 ft. with a speed of 950 km or 589 mi per hour (950 km/h)

         - causes meteorite impact, underwater earthquake, volcanic eruption, waves caused by sudden quake, and submarine landslide

         - signs are fall in sea level, ground shaking, exposing reefs/rocks/fish, and wall of water

         - effect: DISASTER

^Top    >Next

Disclaimer: No copyright infringement is intended in the following blog posts. The definitions, ideas and concepts presented in this summary are not legally owned by this blog and are used for educational purposes only. Due credits are given to the rightful owners. Thank you.